chinalie: Goal (sport)

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Goal refers to a method of scoring in many sports. It can also refer to the physical structure or area of the playing surface in which a score is made.

The structure of a goal can vary widely from sport to sport. In sports where goals are the sole method of scoring, the goal is often a rectangle structure set in the center of each end of the playing surface. Frequently, there is a net to catch the ball or puck as it is sent into the goal. Some sports do not require the net within their rules while others do.

Other sports, especially those that use field goals, have very different structures. Most have a variation on the theme of goal posts and crossbars (frequently an elevated crossbar supporting goal posts with the object being to have the ball pass over the crossbar, rather than under it.)

Contents

1 Method of scoring

2 Structure

3 Goal-only sports

3.1 Association football

3.2 Ice hockey

3.3 Field hockey

3.4 Team handball

3.5 Lacrosse

3.6 Water Polo

3.7 Polo

4 Other games

4.1 Australian Rules Football

4.2 Gaelic Football and Hurling

4.3 Basketball

5 Sports with Goals as Secondary Scoring

5.1 American and Canadian Football

5.2 Arena Football

5.3 Rugby

6 Use in language

7 See also

8 References

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Method of scoring

In some sports, the goal is the sole method of scoring, and in these sports, the final score is expressed in oals where the winner is the team that accumulates the larger number of goals in the given time.

In other sports, a goal is the primary, but not the sole method of scoring. In these sports, the goal is worth a set number of points, and there is another method of scoring which scores fewer points (often one point). In these sports, the score is expressed as the number of goals plus the number of alternate scores and the combined total of points with the winner being decided on total points. For example, an Australian Rules Football the score may be expressed as follows:

Sydney 10-4-64 Brisbane 9-12-66

In this example Sydney scored 10 goals (at six points each) and 4 behinds (one point each) for a total of 64 points. Brisbane scored 9 goals and 12 behinds for a total of 66 points. Despite having fewer goals, Brisbane won the game.

Other sports use a Field Goal as one of several methods of scoring. The field goal can be a primary or secondary score and is used when there are several possible scoring methods. In these sports, the object of the game is to score a greater number of total points than the opponent. Scores are expressed solely as numbers of points.

Structure

In many games, at each end of the field of play, there are two vertical posts (or uprights) supporting a horizontal crossbar. In some games, such as Association Football or Hockey, the object is to pass the ball between the posts below the crossbar, while in others, such as those based on Rugby, the ball must pass over the crossbar instead. In Gaelic football and Hurling, in which the goalposts are similar to those used in rugby, the ball can be kicked either under the crossbar for a goal, or over the crossbar through the posts for a point. There are other variants too.

The vertical supports are usually called Goal Posts and the horizontal top is usually called the Crossbar. Scores in these games normally require that the ball or puck be sent between the posts, under the crossbar and completely behind the goal line. The space under the crossbar and between the goal posts is colloquially referred to as the goal mouth.

In Australian Rules Football, there is no crossbar but 4 uprights instead. In Netball, a single post at each end of the court supports a horizontal hoop that the ball must fall through. While in Basketball, where the hoop and associated backboard was originally supported on a post, the posts themselves have been done away with in most cases, and the hoop and backboard now are suspended over the court from a stadium wall or ceiling.

In American football, especially at the collegiate level, fans flooding onto the field and tearing down the goalpoasts [1] after an upset victory by the home team is a widely practiced - if dangerous [2] - means of celebrating. In recent times stadium staff often lower the posts themselves to prevent spectators from taking down the posts if they see that fans are coming on to the field at the end of a game.

Goal-only sports

The goal is the only method of scoring in several games. In each of these cases the winner is the team that scores the more goals within the allotted time.

Association football

In association football (soccer), the goal is the sole method of scoring. It is also the term used for the scoring structure. To score a goal, the ball should pass totally over the goal line between the goal posts...(and so on)